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Srivastava, Ajay Kumar
- Detection of Gun Shot Residues on the Swab Taken from Hands of a Shooter by Neutron Activation Analysis
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Forensic Science Laboratory, Field Unit, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IN
1 Forensic Science Laboratory, Field Unit, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Society and Politics, Vol 4, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 73-74Abstract
Using a swabbing technique, attempts have been made to detect firearm discharge residues on the hand of a shooter via the elements NO2, Pb, Sb,Ba and Cu. Pb was quantitated by AA (Atomic Absorption Analysis Technique) and the rest of elements by NAA (Neutron Activation Analysis Technique) . Two variations of the swabbing technique have been tried which shown that the one involving the use of different swabs for different areas on the firing hand is superior to the other involving the use of a single swab for the entire area. Further work to improve the swabbing procedure is in progress.Keywords
Swab, Shooter, Neutron.Full Text
References
- Jauhari, M., Singh, T. and Chatterji, S.M. (1982): Primer residue analysis of ammunition of Indian origin, Forens.Sc. Int. 19,p253-258
- Guinn, V.P. (1967): The determination of traces of barium and Antimony in gunshot residues in activation analysis, Published in the proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Forensic Activation Analysis,California Gulf general Atomic, Inc p161-173
- Jauhari,M., Rao, M.S., Chattopadhyay, N., Chatterji, S.M.and Sen., A. (1983) : Shooter Identification: Element analysis of swabbing materials by Neutron Activation Analysis ( NAA) and Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ( ASV ), International Meeting Of the International Association of Forensic Science, Oxford .
- Advancement in the Design of Automotive Catalytic Filter for Meeting Environmental Emission Norms
Abstract Views :459 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 17, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 433-438Abstract
Diesel engines used in automobiles and other industrial applications are found to be responsible for the emission of particulate matter and other toxic gases. The particulate matter is also carcinogenic in nature posing a serious threat to human life. Recent researches have shown that combined application of Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) filter, Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) can reduce these emissions to a certain extent. In this paper, a detailed literature survey has been carried out in this area and it was found that the development of an effective regeneration procedure is one of the major challenges in the emission control using these devices. Composite regeneration technique using electromagnetic waves in the microwave region and fuel additives have been proposed in this paper. As an initial phase of the project, the analysis of the design aspects of the DOC filter has been carried out. Uniformity of catalyst coating in the monolith substrate is determined using metallurgical microscope. Models with different lofts have been designed in SOLIDWORK 2014 x 64 and its flow analysis is carried out in ANSYS FLUENT 16.2. The results of simulation showed that model with loft angle of 62 degree has the lowest pressure drop. Fabrication of system has been carried out based on simulation results.Keywords
Diesel Engines, Catalyst, Emissions, Flow Analysis, Regeneration.Full Text
References
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- Arvajová, A., Koèí, P., Schmeißer, V. and Weibel, M. 2016. The impact of CO and C3 H6 pulses on PtOx reduction and NO oxidation in a diesel oxidation catalyst. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 181: 644-650.
- Azis, M.M., Auvray, X., Olsson, L. and Creaser, D. 2015. Evaluation of H2 effect on NO oxidation over a diesel oxidation catalyst. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 179: 542-550.
- Corro, G., Cebada, S., Pal, U., Fierro, J.L.G. and Alvarado, J. 2015. Hydrogen-reduced Cu/ZnO composite as efficient reusable catalyst for diesel particulate matter oxidation. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 165: 555-565.
- Guan, C., Li, X., Liao, B. and Huang, Z. 2016. Effects of fuel injection strategies on emissions characteristics of a diesel engine equipped with a particle oxidation catalyst (POC). Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4(4): 4822-4829.
- Herreros, J.M., Gill, S.S., Lefort, I., Tsolakis, A., Millington, P. and Moss, E. 2014. Enhancing the low temperature oxidation performance over a Pt and a Pt-Pd diesel oxidation catalyst. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 147: 835-841.
- Huang, H., Jiang, B., Gu, L., Qi, Z. and Lu, H. 2015. Promoting effect of vanadium on catalytic activity of Pt/Ce-Zr-O diesel oxidation catalysts. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 33: 135-142.
- Jiaqiang, E., Xie, L., Zuo, Q. and Zhang, G. 2016a. Effect analysis on regeneration speed of continuous regeneration-diesel particulate filter based on NO2-assisted regeneration. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 7(1): 9-17.
- Jiaqiang, E., Zuo, W., Gao, J., Peng, Q., Zhang, Z. and Hieu, P.M. 2016b. Effect analysis on pressure drop of the continuous regenerationdiesel particulate filter based on NO2 assisted regeneration. Applied Thermal Engineering, 100: 356-366.
- Palma, V., Ciambelli, P., Meloni, E. and Sin, A. 2015. Catalytic DPF microwave assisted active regeneration. Fuel, 140: 50-61.
- Pérez, V.R. and Bueno-López, A. 2015. Catalytic regeneration of diesel particulate filters: comparison of Pt and CePr active phases. Chemical Engineering Journal, 279: 79-85.
- Taibani, A.Z. and Kalamkar, V. 2012. Experimental and computational analysis of behavior of three-way catalytic converter under axial and radial flow conditions. International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems, 5(3): 134-142.
- Tuler, F.E., Portela, R., Ávila, P., Bortolozzi, J.P., Miró, E.E. and Milt, V.G. 2016. Development of sepiolite/SiC porous catalytic filters for diesel soot abatement. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 230: 11-19.
- Wong, A.P., Kyriakidou, E.A., Toops, T.J. and Regalbuto, J.R. 2016. The catalytic behavior of precisely synthesized Pt-Pd bimetallic catalysts for use as diesel oxidation catalysts. Catalysis Today, 267: 145-156.
- Xiong, H., Peterson, E., Qi, G. and Datye, A.K. 2016. Trapping mobile Pt species by PdO in diesel oxidation catalysts: smaller is better. Catalysis Today, 272: 80-86.
- Geometric Design Validation of Oxidation Catalysis System in Composite Regeneration Emission Control System
Abstract Views :473 |
PDF Views:161
Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mech. Engg., University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, IN
1 Dept. of Mech. Engg., University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, IN
Source
International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems, Vol 11, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 83-87Abstract
Development of emission control systems for reducing the toxicity levels of exhaust emissions is one of the major challenges faced by automotive industry which rely on diesel engines owing to its thermal efficiency and service life. The major challenge faced for implementation of emission control system is the periodic regeneration of channels in diesel particulate filter to avoid clogging and backpressure rise inside the substrate. Commercial fuel based regeneration is leading to uncontrolled combustion inside the filter substrate affecting its service life. State of art of the emission control system has been detailed by conducting literature survey on the area and it has been found that these systems have a vital role in reducing emission levels to meet emission norms. Microwave based active regeneration has been proposed in this paper to improve the service life and effectiveness of diesel particulate filter. Three dimensional models of the axial flow, radial flow and cylindrical oxidation catalysis system are developed using Computer Aided Design software and flow analysis has been conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics software (ANSYS FLUENT). Validation of the geometric design is done using simulation results and the pressure drop across the system is found to be in acceptable range.Keywords
Computational Fluid Dynamics, Catalyst, Design, Emissions, Filtration, Particulate.Full Text
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